Short answer: bunkering in the Port of Singapore follows a defined sequence: the stem is nominated to an MPA-licensed supplier, the vessel agent arranges the port call, the licensed bunker tanker comes alongside at an anchorage or berth, safety checks are completed, fuel is transferred through a sealed mass flow meter with continuous sampling, and an e-BDN is issued before the bunker tanker casts off.
1. Before arrival
- The stem is confirmed and nominated to the supplier with the delivery window.
- The vessel agent handles arrival formalities and port clearance. The MPA has simplified clearance for vessels calling to take bunkers.
- The vessel receives the supplier’s details, the bunker tanker name and the expected time alongside.
- The chief engineer prepares the tank plan, segregating the new fuel where possible.
2. Arrival and the bunker tanker alongside
Most deep-sea vessels take bunkers at anchorage. The bunker tanker comes alongside, moors and connects hoses to the vessel’s bunker manifold. Communications between the two vessels are agreed.
3. Pre-delivery checks
- A pre-delivery safety checklist is completed by both vessels.
- Grade, quantity, specification and pumping rate are confirmed between the cargo officer and the chief engineer.
- Mass flow meter seals and opening readings are checked, and recorded by the surveyor if one attends.
- The sampling equipment is set up at the receiving manifold.
4. Transfer
Fuel is pumped through the bunker tanker’s mass flow metering system, operated under SS 648. Continuous drip samples are taken throughout. The vessel monitors tank levels, and both sides watch for leaks and pressure changes.
5. Completion and documentation
- Closing meter readings are taken and the meter printout is produced.
- Samples are divided, sealed and labelled, and seal numbers recorded.
- The e-BDN is issued through an MPA-approved digital solution and acknowledged by the vessel.
- Any discrepancy is recorded and a letter of protest issued before the documents are closed.
6. After delivery
The vessel updates its oil record book, keeps the MARPOL sample on board for at least 12 months and the BDN for three years. Commercial samples go for testing if arranged. The supplier invoices according to the agreed terms.
Standards behind the procedure
- SS 648: code of practice for bunker mass flow metering
- SS 600: code of practice for bunkering by tank gauging
- SS 524: quality management for the bunker supply chain
- SS 660: delivery from oil terminal to bunker tanker by mass flow meter
- MARPOL Annex VI: BDN, sampling and sulphur requirements
Procedures summarised from MPA bunkering publications, checked October 2026. Always follow current MPA circulars and the supplier’s operating procedures.
Frequently asked questions
Where do ships take bunkers in Singapore?
Most ocean-going vessels take bunkers at designated anchorages, while some bunker alongside terminals or berths during cargo operations, subject to terminal rules.
How is quantity measured during Singapore bunkering?
By the bunker tanker’s sealed mass flow metering system under SS 648, which measures the mass delivered directly.